The true Guru is God on earth: he is His vehicle, His mouth, His arms, His heart, His blessing. [7] Neem Karoli Baba was a Hindu mystic and devotee of Hanuman. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Along with Ravidas, Kabir, Hardas, and Dadu, Namdev is revered as a guru (teacher) in the Dadupanth tradition of Hinduism. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. As such, he came to be considered the father of his country. List of Hindu gurus and sants - Wikipedia 2023, A&E Television Networks, LLC. A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada (1 September 1896 14 November 1977). Ramana Maharshi (1880 1950) Spiritual teacher who experienced self-realisation at the age of 16 and spent the remainder of his life at the Holy Mountain of Arunachala in south India. In 1934, Gandhi announced his retirement from politics in, as well as his resignation from the Congress Party, in order to concentrate his efforts on working within rural communities. What Is the Purpose of Spiritual Gifts, and How Do You Discover Yours? A representative of Kashmiri Shaivism and is perhaps its most prolific writer. Members of the Arya Samaj follow the teachings of the reformer Dayananda Sarasvati (18241883) who rejected the practices of caste and murti worship. When a European magistrate in Durban asked him to take off his turban, he refused and left the courtroom. Corrections? The term guru is a Sanskrit word that is typically translated simply as "teacher." Includes Mahatma Gandhi, Akbar, Swami Vivekananda and Indira Gandhi. Upon returning to India in mid-1891, he set up a law practice in Bombay, but met with little success. Firstly, it is impossible to trace the exact beginning if indeed it had one! Widely regarded as the first of the ten Sikh Gurus, Nanak contributed 974 hymns to the religion's sacred scripture Guru Granth Sahib. But the image of Gandhi that has lasted is one that foregrounds his dogged fight against the oppressive forces of racism and colonialism and his commitment to nonviolence. His spiritual program called inner engineering is famous all over the world, particularly in the Western world. Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world. Swami Vivekananda (18631902) a direct disciple of Sri Ramakrishna, Vivekananda helped spread Sri Ramakrishnas message and mission to the West. He also is a key figure in Bhakti Yoga. The march resulted in the arrest of nearly 60,000 people, including Gandhi himself. What is the name of a Hindu leader? Much current Hindu thought is based on theological foundations laid down by prominent scholars from the medieval period. These include the Satya Sai Baba Organisation, headed by Sai Baba. He is also credited with popularizing the term Swaraj which was used as a powerful tool by leaders like Lokmanya Tilak and Mahatma Gandhi during Indias freedom struggle. Musicians, dancers, and other performers also regularly visit Britain. Sikhism Gurus and Historical Figures - Learn Religions There is no single representative organisation for Hindus in the UK, though the National Council for Hindu Temples (NCHT) has perhaps the widest membership. Mirabai was forced to marry a rich prince, but she rebelled against the wishes of her family and devoted her life to singing the praises of Sri Krishna. After graduating in Vedic literature and physics, he propagated Transcendental Meditation with his guru Mahesh Yogi and later established the Art of Living Foundation, which organizes spiritual courses worldwide. Keshab Chunder Sen. Hindu philosopher and social reformer. [67] [68] The term "Hindu" traces back to Old Persian which derived . He traveled all over South Asia for three decades to teach Jain philosophy. Bodhidharma was a Buddhist monk who is believed to have started the physical training in China's Shaolin Temple and therefore is credited with the creation of Shaolin kungfu. His theology was developed by the Six Goswamis of Vrindavana and consolidated by Baladeva. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Who are major leaders or thinkers of Hinduism? 6 Which is the largest Hindu group in the UK? His mode of worship characterized by ecstatic song and dance rituals had a deep influence on VaishnavisminBengal. Hindu nationalist sentiments also appear to have less of a foothold in the South. Most important are those who established the ten main branches of Vedanta and corresponding sampradayas (disciplic successions). Religious leadership and authority in India derive from a number of important factors. Gandhis eloquence and embrace of an ascetic lifestyle based on prayer, fasting and meditation earned him the reverence of his followers, who called him Mahatma (Sanskrit for the great-souled one). Although the name Hinduism is relatively new, having been coined by British writers in the first decades of the 19th century, it refers to a rich cumulative tradition of texts and practices, some of which date to the 2nd millennium bce or possibly earlier. The history of Hinduism covers a wide variety of related religious traditions native to the Indian subcontinent. Chaitanya Mahaprabhu was a 15th-century Indian saint. Mohandas Gandhi - Biography, Facts & Beliefs - HISTORY Which is the largest Hindu group in the UK? However, I have found that as time progresses women are becoming more powerful leaders in Hinduism. Initially, Gandhis campaigns sought to combat the second-class status Indians received at the hands of the British regime. Perhaps most impactful of all, the freedom that Gandhis movement won for India sounded a death knell for Britains other colonial enterprises in Asia and Africa. Some reports say she has hugged over 25 million people in the course of the last thirty-five years. His birthday is celebrated asGaura-Purnima by his disciples. During its final phase in 1913, hundreds of Indians living in South Africa, including women, went to jail, and thousands of striking Indian miners were imprisoned, flogged and even shot. Gandhi is internationally esteemed for his doctrine of nonviolent protest (satyagraha) to achieve political and social progress. Ten days after his arrival, he joined the Inner Temple, one of the four London law colleges (The Temple). This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. He was, however, an able administrator who knew how to steer his way between the capricious princes, their long-suffering subjects, and the headstrong British political officers in power. It overlaps or coincides with the development of religion in the Indian subcontinent since the Iron Age, with some of its traditions tracing back to prehistoric religions such as those of the Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilisation.It has thus been called the "oldest religion" in the . Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. In 2015, he was named among the 100 most powerful Indians by The Indian Express. Later that year, Britain granted India its independence but split the country into two dominions: India and Pakistan. Vivekananda represented Hinduism at the World Parliament of Religions in 1893 and helped to express the universal message of the Sanatana Dharma (universal message of Hinduism.). He is also credited with elevating the status of Hinduism as a major religion in the modern world by raising interfaith awareness. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Popularly known as Sadhguru, Jaggi Vasudev's yoga programs, environmental initiatives, and educational and social initiatives have earned him celebrity status in India. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Gandhi married his wife, Kasturba, when he was 13, and together they had five children. Other famous followers of Hinduism include M.I.A., Kal Penn, and Jerry Garcia. Unlike other religions, Hinduism has no one founder but is instead a fusion of various beliefs. He is also credited with co-founding the Varkari Bhakti movement tradition of Hinduism. The reason for it is that he is nothing: only a pure window for Gods transforming light. He is credited with popularizing the Vithoba faith, which first emerged in the 12th century. Sri Ramakrishna (18361886) was an influential Bengali mystic and spiritual Guru. Did you know? The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Though the various sects each rely on their own set of scriptures, they all revere the ancient Vedas, which were likely composed about the mid-2nd millennium bce. Who is the founder or leader of Hinduism? Gurus, who are usually Brahmins, attain their status through their knowledge of sacred texts and rituals, which they pass on to their students. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Gandhi strongly opposed Partition, but he agreed to it in hopes that after independence Hindus and Muslims could achieve peace internally. Though lists given by various sources vary, the names of these and other rishis appear repeatedly in the stories of the Puranas, Epics, and other texts. Vote for Your Favourite Indian Spiritual & Religious Leaders, (Indian Spiritual Leader and Founder of the Rajneesh Movement), (Indian Monk & Philosopher Who Introduced the Vedanta and Yoga to the Western World), (One of the Famous Sufis from the South Asian Subcontinent), Guru Gobind Singh, the son of Guru Tegh Bahadur, became the 10th guru, or spiritual leader, of the Sikhs after his father was killed by Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. His 115 hymns find place in the Guru Granth Sahib. There are many other organisations in the UK. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. 8 Who are Hinduism's religious leaders? Independence movements swept through them like wildfire, with Gandhis influence bolstering existing movements and igniting new ones. This Hindu synthesis emerged after the Vedic period, between ca. Chaitanya (14861534) claimed to come in Madhvas line, and his teachings were consolidated by Baladeva (16001768). Who is an important leader in Hinduism? A popular group is The Divine Life Society with its Shivananda Vedanta Yoga Centres. Who is the most important leader in Hinduism and why? The land of Vedas, India has been the home to many great political minds. Mahatma Gandhi (18691948) Indian nationalist and politician. In the Vedas, sacrifice is the central religious action; it was thought to maintain and sustain the universe. Hinduism | Origin, History, Beliefs, Gods, & Facts | Britannica Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Mahatma Gandhi, for instance, was certainly a learned man, but his religious leadership came not from his knowledge of the sacred texts, but from his actions. Gandhi was shot to death in Delhi in January 1948 by a Hindu fundamentalist. "Hindu nationalism" is a simplistic translation of (IAST: Hind rravda). He had a large following. The founder of the Ramakrishna Mission and Ramakrishna Math, Swami Vivekananda was an Indian Hindu monk, philosopher, and spiritual leader. Categories include politicians, scientists, sports people, spiritual figures and cultural figures. John McLaughlin (1942 ) Also known as Mahavishnu John McLaughlin, he became a follower of Sri Chinmoy in the 1970s. Eventually, however, they turned their focus to bucking the British regime altogether, a goal that was attained in the years directly after World War II. Careers Workplace and Religion Columnists, Recreation Outdoors and Religion Columnists, Religious Music and Entertainment Columnists, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Liberal politicians thought he was proposing too much change too quickly, while young radicals lambasted him for not proposing enough. Ramakrishna | Biography & Facts | Britannica Asrr al-dn remains his best-known work. They become divine because they are regarded as divine. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. But the most popular of these gods and goddesses are important deities in their own right . In the eyes of millions of his fellow Indians, Gandhi was the Mahatma (Great Soul). Ramakrishna, originally called Gadadhar Chatterji or Gadadhar Chattopadhyaya, (born February 18, 1836, Hooghly [now Hugli], Bengal state, Indiadied August 16, 1886, Calcutta [now Kolkata]), Hindu religious leader, founder of the school of religious thought that became the Ramakrishna Order. Ramas life is held as an example of the perfect devotion to dharma. 5 Who are the most important leaders in Hinduism? It teaches the advaita version of Vedanta coming from Shankara. Famous Indian Leaders - Famous People in the World What do Hindus believe and practice? But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. People Who Made a Difference in Health Care, Facts about the extraordinary life of Joan of Arc. Swami Vivekanada was the most famous disciple of the Bengal-born mystic. Sahajanand Swami, founder of the Swami Narayana Mission, came in Ramanujas line and modified his Vishishtadvaita doctrine. Paramahansa Yogananda was an Indian Hindu monk, yogi, and guru. Gandhis family practiced a kind of Vaishnavism, one of the major traditions within Hinduism, that was inflected through the morally rigorous tenets of Jainisman Indian faith for which concepts like asceticism and nonviolence are important. What do Hindus believe? He obtained enlightenment in Indias Bodh Gaya. In 1887 Mohandas scraped through the matriculation examination of the University of Bombay (now University of Mumbai) and joined Samaldas College in Bhavnagar (Bhaunagar). As part of his nonviolent non-cooperation campaign for home rule, Gandhi stressed the importance of economic independence for India. 2 Who are major leaders or thinkers of Hinduism? Sachin Tendulkar (1973 ) one of the worlds greatest test batsmen of his generation. It does not store any personal data. It is still particularly popular in Bengal. Over the centuries, however, its followerscalled Hindushave accepted many new ideas and combined them with the old ones. His critics have accused him of sexual abuse, money laundering, and fraud. It is better described as . Kabir is an important figure in both Hinduism and Islam and his legacy continues to live through a religious community known as the Kabir panth. He authored the book Autobiography of a Yogi and is considered the Father of Yoga in the West. Gurus, who are usually Brahmins, attain their status through their knowledge of sacred texts and rituals, which they pass on to their students. The Krishnamurti Foundation runs several schools in India and foreign countries. Madhva (12381317), another important Vaishnava scholar, opposed Shankaras Advaita doctrine far more vehemently than Ramanuja, founding the Shuddha-dvaita (pure dualism) school of Vedanta. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. In 1994 it was instrumental in forming the Hindu Council of the UK, which now appears to be becoming a leading voice for Hindus in the UK. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. How do I choose between my boyfriend and my best friend? What was extraordinary was the way his youthful transgressions ended. Sri Krishna considered an avatar of Vishnu. An influential personality, Ravidas taught his followers to disregard social divisions of gender and caste that were prevalent in India at that time. They are largely represented by a group called the Shree Vallabha Nidhi. The largest is the Swami Narayana Mission, whose current leader is Pramukh Swami (right) and whose centre is a magnificent traditional temple in Neasden, London. Gandhis father was a local government official working under the suzerainty of the British Raj, and his mother was a religious devotee wholike the rest of the familypracticed in the Vaishnavist tradition of Hinduism. He soon accepted a position with an Indian firm that sent him to its office in South Africa. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Famous Indian Spiritual & Religious Leaders - Famous People in the World 7 Who are the important leaders of Hinduism? His father was the dewan (chief minister) of Porbandar; his deeply religious mother was a devoted practitioner of Vaishnavism (worship of the Hindu god Vishnu), influenced by Jainism, an ascetic religion governed by tenets of self-discipline and nonviolence. The Arya Samaj strongly encouraged nationalism, and, even though Vivekananda and the Ramakrishna Mission were always uncompromisingly nonpolitical, their effect in promoting the movement for self-government is quite evident. History of Hinduism - Wikipedia Identified both as a Muslim fakir and a Hindu saint, Sai Baba's teachings are still relevant among Muslim and Hindu communities around the world. The name Mahatma Gandhi is now one of the most universally recognized on earth. A diffident child, he shone neither in the classroom nor on the playing field. The woes of the Mahatmas, he wrote, are known only to the Mahatmas. His fame spread worldwide during his lifetime and only increased after his death. Salvation is earned largely by grace and entails entering Vishnus abode (Vaikunthaloka) where one receives a body almost identical to the Lord. Hinduism - Leadership - Patheos Sri Chinmoy (19312007) Born in India, Sri Chinmoy spent 20 years in the Sri Aurobindo Ashram before coming to the US in 1964. This section provides you information about the life and works of famous Indian spiritual & religious leaders. Articles with the HISTORY.com Editors byline have been written or edited by the HISTORY.com editors, including Amanda Onion, Missy Sullivan, Matt Mullen and Christian Zapata. 3 Who is the most popular gurus in India? Hindus. Meher Baba, or the Awakener, is best remembered for his 44-year silence, during which he chiefly communicated through an alphabet board. Indira Gandhi (19171984) Prime Minister of the Republic of India for three consecutive terms from 1966 to 1977 and for a fourth term from 1980 until her assassination in 1984. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Sai Baba of Shirdi (c. 18601918 ) Sai Baba of Shirdi was an Indian Guru, fakir and saint. Also, it comes with wide-ranging religious leadership roles, including a founder and priest. He is credited to have revived several central Hindu practices of dharma, ahimsa, and brahmacharya. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. The Brahmins are created out of the being's mouth. All Rights Reserved. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. He also sought to improve the welfare of women and lowest caste members of Indian society. Mata Amritanandamay Devi (b. Anandamayi Ma (18961982) a Hindu saint from Bengal. He grew up to be a prominent Islamic theologian who modernized Islam with ideas such as tabq and the practice of ijtihad. Founder of Hinduism, Hinduism founder, Hindu founder The Pushti Marg (path of nourishment) tradition descends from the bhakti revivalist Vallabha (14791531). Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. He believed in the motto One Caste, One Religion, One God for All. Osho Rajneesh was an Indian godman and mystic. Mahatma Gandhi, byname of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, (born October 2, 1869, Porbandar, Indiadied January 30, 1948, Delhi), Indian lawyer, politician, social activist, and writer who became the leader of the nationalist movement against the British rule of India. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. They were designated as the exclusive priests in the Hindu world, assigned the duty of learning and preserving the sacred textsorally passing them on from one generation to the nextand performing the sacred rituals. Along with his wife, Kasturbai, and their children, Gandhi remained in South Africa for nearly 20 years. The main ceremony performed is the havan (sacred fire) ceremony. Drawn back into the political fray by the outbreak of World War II, Gandhi again took control of the INC, demanding a British withdrawal from India in return for Indian cooperation with the war effort. Osho Rajneesh, Kartar Singh Jhabbar, and Maulana Syed Sibte Hasan Naqvi were well-known spiritual and religious leaders of the 20th century. His marriage to Sharada Devi was never consummated. Trained in Islamic education by his father, who established the Madrasah-i Rahimiyah, Shah Waliullah Dehlawi had memorized the Qur'an by age 7. Ramakrishna Paramahamsa was a devotee of Goddess Kali who he worshipped as the universal mother. He was born in 1926 in India and is considered a reincarnation of the saint Kabir. Osho Rajneesh, Kartar Singh Jhabbar, and Maulana Syed Sibte Hasan Naqvi were well-known spiritual and religious leaders of the 20th century. As such, he came to be considered the father of his country. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Paramahansa Yogananda (18931952) was a popular spiritual Teacher and Guru, who came to the West in the 1920s. Yogananda was a disciple of Sri Yukteswar and was responsible for the early spread of Hindu yoga in the US. He is credited with founding an influential Hindu reform movement known as Arya Samaj. - Quora Answer (1 of 7): Adi Shankaracharya. He has worked on social choice theory and contributed to the field of development economics. Thus, he took for granted ahimsa (noninjury to all living beings), vegetarianism, fasting for self-purification, and mutual tolerance between adherents of various creeds and sects. Second Guru Angad Dev. The national branch of the VHP (Vishva Hindu Parishad) has centres throughout the UK. The next day, roughly 1 million people followed the procession as Gandhis body was carried in state through the streets of the city and cremated on the banks of the holy Jumna River. Hinduism: Basic Beliefs | URI He taught a path of self-inquiry. Author of. From a female perspective, it is important to explore this question because women used to have a submissive and weak role in the past. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns.

C++ Unordered_set Allocator, Best Restaurant In Guagua, Pampanga, Articles W