He is so keen to win Desdemona that he follows the army to Cyprus. Emilia then puts it all together and brings Iago to justice: I think upon 't, I think! Key quotation (Aside) O, you are well tuned now!But I'll set down the pegs that make this music, As honest as I am. It all happens because of Iago and his inherently evil nature. He will kill two birds with one stone and make Othello believe that the man she is being unfaithful with is Michael Cassio. It is better not to search for reasons but simply to accept that he just wants to destroy the happiness of others. In doing so, he comes across as even more villainous, now that he is prepared to ruin Othellos life despite his acknowledged goodness. Character Analysis of Shakespeare's Othello - ThoughtCo He dies after Desdemona and Othello leave for Cyprus. Corrections? ThoughtCo, Apr. Iagos character is consumed with hatred and envy. Iago and Emilias relationship seems slightly stronger in Act 3 when Emilia takes Desdemonas handkerchief to help Iago. The audience believes that he will be punished, but it's left open for the audience to wonder whether he will get away with his evil plans by concocting another deception or violent act. He uses Roderigo to perform his dirty work, and without him would have been unable to discredit Cassio in the first place. He goes mad with jealousy and, encouraged by Iago, finally strangles Desdemona. Knowing that Cassios weak point is that he reacts badly to alcohol, Iago makes him drunk in a pub and Cassio becomes aggressive and violent. (including. Role in the play Iago is a soldier who has fought beside Othello for several years, and has become his trusted advisor. Iago then leads Othello to believe that a bawdy conversation about Cassio's mistress, Bianca, is in fact about Desdemona. While no English translation of Cinthio was available in Shakespeare's lifetime, it is possible Shakespeare knew the Italian original, Gabriel Chappuy's 1584 French translation, or an English translation in manuscript. He won her affection by telling her stories about his past and she defies her father to marry him. 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Other characters are convinced Iago is doing his best to help Cassio to get his job back, including Emilia. Iago is the antagonist, or enemy to the other heroic figures, who convinces Othello that his wife, Desdemona, is having an affair with Cassio. When combined with the lies he has already told, this trick can only lead to disastrous consequences. Iago, Othello's standard-bearer, or "ancient". document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); It is believed that Shakespeare wrote 38 plays in total between 1590 and 1612. Possibly Iago was always a villain and confidence trickster who set up a false reputation for honesty, but how can one set up a reputation for honesty except by being consistently honest over a long period of time? The Moor misses his wife greatly, however, and comes to loathe the sight of his ensign. She is friendly with Cassio and promises to help him get his job back when he loses it for fighting. Of course, this isn't true, but Iago's manipulations allow him to deceive everyone around him. Iago is a soldier in Othello's ranks, and he serves as the main antagonist in the play. ThoughtCo. Updated: 03/31/2022 Table of Contents Iago in Othello Iago's Character Traits Who is Iago? Emilia is the first character to realise Desdemona has died for no reason and to accuse Iago. Roderigo attacks, but Cassio's armor turns away the thrust. He believes Iago is trying to help him win Desdemonas love. He says. This is the nature / Whom passion could not shake? (Lodovico, 4:1), I follow him to serve my turn upon him (Iago, 1:1), So will I turn her virtue into pitch / And out of her own goodness make the net / That shall enmesh them all (Iago, 2:3), A man he is of honesty and trust (Othello, 1:3), I warrant it grieves my husband as if the cause were his (Emilia, 3:3), Will you, I pray, demand that demi-devil / Why he hath thus ensnared my soul and body? (Othello, 5:2), 'I saw Othellos visage in his mind, / And to his honours and his valiant parts / Did I my soul and fortunes consecrate (Desdemona, 1:3), Beshrew me if I would do such a thing / For the whole world! (Desdemona, 4:3), She has deceived her father and may thee (Brabantio, 1:3), Shes a most exquisite lady (Cassio, 2:3), If she be not honest, chaste and true, theres no man happy (Emilia, 4:2), Shakespeare Birthplace Trust - Photo by Joe Cocks Studio Collection, But I do think it is their husbands faults / If wives do fall (Emilia, 4:3), Tis proper I obey him, but not now (Emilia, 5:2), I care not for thy sword, Ill make thee known / Though I lost twenty lives (Emilia, 5:2), It was his bidding; therefore, good Emilia / Give me my nightly wearing, and adieu. What they dont know is that he is actually the cause of their problems and that the more information they give him the more ammunition they are supplying him with to be used against them. A character analysis of Iago reveals him to be a vice figure in Shakespeare's play, "Othello." What you know, you know. Iago kills Roderigo to stop him revealing what he knows. Iago Character Analysis in Othello | SparkNotes In Act 2, Scene 1 of Othello, Iago formulates his plan to drive Othello mad. Desdemona and Othello have a strong relationship in Act 1. Here, Shakespeare is making it clear that Iago cannot be trusted. At the beginning of the play, Iago claims to have been unfairly passed over for promotion to the rank of Othello's lieutenant in favour of Michael Cassio. We use cookies on this website. At another point he reveals some bitterness that he has been overlooked for promotion when Michael Cassio is made second in command instead. Iago's actions might also be racially motivated. In Act One, scene three, he even asserts that Othello may have had a sexual encounter with Iago's wife, Emilia, though he immediately follows that with the statement, "I know not if 't be true" (431). He's you or me feeling jealous and not being able to control our feelings. But, cant believe that Othello, renowned for his unshakable self-control, would act this way. Roderigo does not want to kill Cassio but is convinced that the death of Cassio is not important compared to his own desires. Shakespeare defines Iago's character traits through the use of dialogue and action in the play. These developments may indicate why Iago goes to such lengths to convince Othello that Desdemona and Cassio are having an affair. Othello, a Moorish general in the Venetian army. The relationship between these characters remains the same throughout the play. Othello wants to see proof that she has been unfaithful. Iago plots to manipulate Othello into demoting Cassio, and thereafter to bring about the downfall of Othello himself. Cassio is wounded by Roderigo at the end of the play but survives. Cassio counterattacks, wounding Roderigo. He has an ally, Roderigo, who assists him in his plans in the mistaken belief that after Othello is gone, Iago will help Roderigo earn the affection of Othello's wife, Desdemona. Andy Serkis, who in 2002 portrayed Iago at the Royal Exchange Theatre in Manchester, wrote in his memoir Gollum: How We Made Movie Magic, that: There are a million theories to Iago's motivations, but I believed that Iago was once a good soldier, a great man's man to have around, a bit of a laugh, who feels betrayed, gets jealous of his friend, wants to mess it up for him, enjoys causing him pain, makes a choice to channel all his creative energy into the destruction of this human being, and becomes completely addicted to the power he wields over him. Cassio enters while Othello is unconscious from his fit. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Shakespearean critic A. C. Bradley said that "evil has nowhere else been portrayed with such mastery as in the evil character of Iago",[5] and also states that he "stands supreme among Shakespeare's evil characters because the greatest intensity and subtlety of imagination have gone into his making. Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# God replies: "I am that I am" (Exodus,iii,14). Cyprus that night, he decides that Desdemona should follow after him in the care of. Last Updated: Article History Table of Contents Listen to article Andrey Popov as Iago (left) and Yevgeny Vesnik as Roderigo in Sergey Yutkevich's film version of Shakespeare's Othello (1955). When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Blackface was the practice of non-Black people darkening their skin in an attempt to impersonate people of African descent. [7] According to Babcock, it is not malice, but fear, that drives Iago. Several times, he is referred to as "honest,", especially by the powerful and influential Othello. Iago can get even closer to the military general and affect his emotional well-being by spreading lies by acting as Othello's loyal friend and confidant. Facts we learn about Cassio at the start of the play: Cassio is aware of his own weakness when it comes to drinking alcohol. Othello has promoted him to be his lieutenant. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Instant downloads of all 1748 LitChart PDFs In fact, he seems more driven to bring Othello to destruction. Emilia is trusted by Desdemona, but Desdemona does not want her to interfere in her relationship with Othello. He is angry that Othello has promoted Cassio to be his lieutenant rather than him. The play opens with Roderigo and Iago talking about how much they hate Othello and telling Brabantio that his daughter has secretly married. At the climax of the play, it is Iagos wife, Emilia who exposes him. Thou praisest the worst best. What you know, you know. In Act 4 he hits her in front of everybody and in Act 5 kills her in their bedroom. [7], John Draper, on the other hand, postulates that Iago is simply "an opportunist who cleverly grasps occasion" (726),[8] spurred on by "the keenest of professional and personal motives". Desdemona doesnt understand why hes acting so strangely and Othello starts to talk to Iago about her death. Iagos symptoms, if one can talk about his character in that way, are that he is devoid of any conscience and any antipathy. Iago takes out his sword and kills her. He has promoted Cassio to lieutenant while leaving Iago as ensign. As a Moor, Othello has dark skin and is often viewed as an outsider by the other characters, despite his valiant career as a soldier and military commander. [9] In particular, he sees the death of Cassio as a necessity, saying of him that "He hath a daily beauty in his life that makes me ugly".[10]. The ensign then seeks revenge by disclosing to "the squadron leader" (the tale's Cassio counterpart) the Moor's involvement in Desdemona's death. PDF downloads of all 1748 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. He is charming, clever, and funny, and great company, and right at the center of the military community on Cyprus, where the army has been sent to deter the Turks from an attack on Venice. Emilia is appointed as maid to Desdemona by Othello at the end of Act 1. Roderigo is so obsessed by his love for Desdemona that it has taken over his life. He is warning his viewers about the dangers of someone who seems kind and honest but acts differently behind the scenes. 5, 2023, thoughtco.com/iago-from-othello-2984767. She thinks he must be seeing someone else as well as her. Othello is a Moorish military commander who was serving as a general of the Venetian army in defence of Cyprus against invasion by Ottoman Turks.He has recently married Desdemona, a beautiful and wealthy . Character analysis: Iago in Othello | The British Library Sadly, this is exactly what happens. He eventually becomes so convinced by Iago's lies that he kills his wife. Iago, however, reveals his true character through the delivery of his own lines. The problem is, there are so many reasons for Iago's evil designs; there isn't one that's compelling enough to be the true cause. Compared to these much more significant themes, the violence and bloodshed in Othello seem senseless. Bianca does not see herself as a prostitute or strumpet. Iago manipulates Roderigo, Cassio and Othello through their love for her and resulting jealousy. These plays were shorter and simpler than Shakespeare's works. As it advances the other characters are drawn in. There, the character is simply "the ensign". He is in love with Desdemona and wanted to marry her. Sinai, and Moses asks God his name. 3 Prominent Themes Found in William Shakespeare's 'Othello', Character Analysis of Shakespeare's Othello, Top 5 Female Villains in Shakespeare Plays, Plot Summary of Shakespeare's "Much Ado About Nothing", M.A., Theater Studies, Warwick University, B.A., Drama and English, DeMontfort University. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. She doesnt understand whats happening and keeps talking to him about Cassio, which makes it worse. [8] Draper argues that Iago "seized occasions rather than made them". Othello - Wikipedia By Lee Jamieson Updated on June 23, 2019 Above all else, this Othello character analysis reveals that Shakespeare's Othello has gravitas. (2.1.191-93) Setting the scene. Each Shakespeares play name links to a range of resources about each play: Character summaries, plot outlines, example essays and famous quotes, soliloquies and monologues: Alls Well That Ends Well Antony and Cleopatra As You Like It The Comedy of Errors Coriolanus Cymbeline Hamlet Henry IV Part 1 Henry IV Part 2 Henry VIII Henry VI Part 1 Henry VI Part 2 Henry VI Part 3 Henry V Julius Caesar King John King Lear Loves Labours Lost Macbeth Measure for Measure The Merchant of Venice The Merry Wives of Windsor A Midsummer Nights Dream Much Ado About Nothing Othello Pericles Richard II Richard III Romeo & Juliet The Taming of the Shrew The Tempest Timon of Athens Titus Andronicus Troilus & Cressida Twelfth Night The Two Gentlemen of Verona The Winters Tale. He suggests that Othello has slept with his wife at one point. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/iago-from-othello-2984767. Following Othello's suicide, Cassio, now in charge, condemns Iago to be imprisoned and tortured as punishment for his crimes. Kenneth Brannagh as Iago in Oliver Parkers 1995 Othello. Othello falls in love with Desdemona and they secretly marry; later, he leaves to Cyprus to stop the Turks. He convinces him that his wife, Desdemona, is having an affair with Cassio. Read more about Shakespeares Othello play, Othello | Othello summary | Othello characters: Desdemona, Iago | Othello settings | Othello in modern English | Othello full text | Modern Othello ebook | Othello quotes | Othello quote translations | Othello monologues | Othello soliloquies | Othello performance history, Your email address will not be published. There is no suggestion whatsoever in the play that Iago might be in love with Othello. Iago's plan appears to succeed when Othello kills Desdemona, who is innocent of Iago's charges. . Roderigo begins to lose trust in Iago. She defends herself when she feels insulted by others. Iago is a soldier in the Venetian army who is well respected and trusted by all for his honesty. I have lost the immortal part of myself, and what remains is bestial" (2.3.251-3). The two murderers escape detection. Probably, yes! When Othello questions her about Desdemona's guilt, she defends her and suspects that someone else is manipulating him. He is very friendly towards her and Iago uses this to convince Othello they are having an affair. Emilia is the wife of Iago and a handmaiden to Desdemona. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. When his wife Emilia tells the truth of his plotting to Othello, Iago kills her. He keeps remembering what a kind, beautiful, talented, and delicate person she is. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Emilia: She did give it Cassio? He tells her to be quiet and go home but she becomes even more vociferous. Brabantio is so distressed by his daughters behaviour that he says if he had another child he would keep them imprisoned. Iago is also happy to ruin Desdemonas happiness just to get revenge on Othello. 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Iago reveals his true nature only in his soliloquies, and in occasional asides. bookmarked pages associated with this title. He manipulates his wife Emilia, Desdemona's lady-in-waiting, into taking from Desdemona a handkerchief that Othello had given her; he then tells Othello that he had seen it in Cassio's possession. "Sooo much more helpful than SparkNotes. Omissions? Just then, Othello and, it since it was the first gift that Othello gave to her, and also that, Othello enters, frantic and furious, and says to. Considering all of William Shakespeare's tragedies, Othello is perhaps the most tragic. Even when she pleases, him he calls her A good wench (Act 3 Scene 3, Line 319). Othello orders Iago to kill Cassio, himself going to smother Desdemona while she is asleep. Iago in Othello | Shmoop So hangs and lolls and weeps upon me, so shakes and pulls me! Shakespeare has built the character of Iago from an idea already existing in the theatrical culture of his time: the Devil in religious morality plays, which developed into the villain in Elizabethan drama and tragedy. Iago hates Othello and devises a plan to destroy him by making him believe that Desdemona is having an affair with his lieutenant, Michael Cassio. Without Iago, Othello is a happy love story. It is not only Othello who is destroyed but several other characters too, although Othello is his main target. [6], Bradley writes that Iago "illustrates in the most perfect combination the two facts concerning evil, which seem to have impressed Shakespeare the most", the first being that "the fact that perfectly sane people exist in whom fellow-feeling of any kind is so weak that an almost absolute egoism becomes possible to them", with the second being "that such evil is compatible, and even appears to ally itself easily, with exceptional powers of will and intellect". While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Be genial, sometimes jovial, always gentlemanly. Othello trusts Iago with his plans to kill Desdemona and also trusts Iago to kill Cassio for him. So, a "Vice" figure is stock character from medieval morality plays like "Everyman." Vice figures are typically personifications of, well, vice (immoral behavior)they tend to be tempters and often agents of the . . At one point he suggests that Othello has slept with his wife, Emelia, although thats easily dismissible. Iago - CliffsNotes Iago convinces Roderigo that he should follow them to Cyprus because Desdemona will soon grow bored of Othello and then she might want him. Trifles are light as air. He gets drunk easily and becomes angry when he is drunk. Iago Character Analysis. Additionally, as the actions of the play unfold in Iago's favor, he doesn't seem satisfied. house for his daughter, worried because he has had a "dream" (1.1.140) anticipating these events. Desdemona The Daughter of the Venetian senator Brabantio. In Cinthio's tale, for example, the ensign suffers an unrequited lust for the Moor's wife, Desdemona, which then drives his vengeance. He begins the play as a respected figure in Venice, but as the play goes on Iago makes him believe Desdemona is in love with someone else and he becomes more and more unpredictable. https://www.thoughtco.com/iago-from-othello-2984767 (accessed July 5, 2023). He sees other human beings only as objects that can be maneuvered, moved around according to where he wants to place them. Iago suspects she has had an affair with Othello. as they age. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Cassio is carried offstage and Emilia enters. Even though she knows how upset Desdemona is about the handkerchief, Emilia lies. At least Hamlet, for example, is avenging his father's death and maybe wants to be king himself. Cassio and Biancas relationship becomes a bit difficult when he gives her Desdemonas handkerchief and asks her to copy the design. All his efforts are directed towards that. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Iago-fictional-character, Andrey Popov as Iago (left) and Yevgeny Vesnik as Roderigo in Sergey Yutkevich's film version of Shakespeare's. A common device in morality plays of the 14th and 15th centuries; vices were one-dimensional antagonists who tempted others to commit sins. Facts we learn about Emilia at the start of the play: Emilia is more cynical than Desdemona and sees that men can be wrong in how they behave towards women. However, Roderigo seems to know Iago best. He also enunciates in the aria that he believes an honest man to be a mocking actor about whom everything is a lie and that mankind is simply a joke of iniquitous fate. Cassio confides in him. When he is made to see that it is Iagos villainy that has brought this tragedy about and that Desdemona was innocent, he kills himself. The one man who survived Iago's attempt to kill him, Cassio, is the only major character left standing at the end of the play. 2023 From behind. Othello is the only man who can stop an invasion by the Turks so they let his behavior pass and even give permission for Desdemona to accompany the troops to Cyprus. Iago's wealthy friend, Roderigo, constantly gives him money. -Graham S. The timeline below shows where the character Iago appears in, On a street in Venice, Italy, Roderigo, a nobleman, and. Even when Cassio is dismissed from his office and Iago is promoted, Iago barely reacts. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Iago manipulates Cassio's friendship with Desdemona to make Othello think they are having an affair. Royal Shakespeare Company. Updates? Students love them!, Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. Perhaps having guessed that he may be double-crossed, he writes letters which he keeps on his person that eventually discredit Iago and his motives completely. Iago is not jealous of anyone. He married Desdemona in secret, without her father knowing. Create your account. The setting of Othello is the city-state of Venice (at the beginning) and the island of Cyprus (later on), as the military general, Othello, must rush his troops to defend the island from an invading Turkish fleet. In Iago, Shakespeare shows us a character who acts against his reputation. Desdemona becomes increasingly confused by Othellos odd behaviour but remains loyal to him until he kills her. He is a Moor and is treated as an outsider by lots of the other characters. Facts we learn about Iago at the start of the play: Iago plans to keep his feelings hidden so that he can get his revenge. This may do something. He tells Senator Brabantio of Othellos secret marriage to Desdemona and later gets Cassio drunk, stoking him and Roderigo to fight over her. Iago manipulates everyone around him to help him convince Othello to kill his wife. Iagos opinion and treatment of women in the play also contribute to the audience's perception of him as cruel and unpleasant. There's even a slight indication that Iago is in love with Othello's wife. The character qualities listed above are all fake. She eventually gets a full picture of what's happening. Analyse Othello's Character Analyse Othello's Language Previous Iago lies to Othello about Desdemona. She wants to go with Othello to Cyprus rather than stay in Venice. In the play Othello and Desdemona are happily married, Othello gives Cassio a promotion to lieutenant, he chooses Cassio over Iago and gives Iago a more trusted and honorable job. He previously served as a theater studies lecturer at Stratford-upon Avon College in the United Kingdom. Iago is a very modern character in that he has been diagnosed by critics as a psychopath or a sociopath, or an extreme narcissist. This leads to the destruction of their otherwise happy marriage and ultimately causes Othello to murder Desdemona and take his own life. Once Othello flies into a jealous rage, Iago tells him to hide and look on while he (Iago) talks to Cassio. While his main victims die he survives. See how their relationship changes during the play by moving the bar to the marked points. Iago does not die in the play. He's not the Devil. Desdemona has learned to trust Emilia and they have a quite open discussion about. At the end of Act 1, scene 3, he offers these words: That thinks men honest that but seem to be so. Iago is the play's main antagonist, and Othello's standard-bearer. Shakespeare presented him as a collection of puzzles as he is an artist of evil. Emilia is very brave. His is the longest part with 1,070 lines. in aguish, then kneels and vows that he will take revenge on Cassio and Desdemona. They marry in secret and although that is frowned upon by the city authorities Othello is a military hero and Venice is in deep trouble. Desdemona and Othellos relationship is strained by the end of Act 3. He works hard on that and manufactures evidence of the affair. When Desdemona drops her handkerchief, Emilia picks it up and gives it to Iago. She defends their secret marriage to her father when he finds out, but he disowns her, and she follows her husband on his campaign to Cyprus. Desdemona cannot imagine ever wanting to be unfaithful to her husband. Remarkably, Shakespeare created that character some four hundred years before psychologists began to describe the characteristics of psychopaths and sociopaths. The villain Iagofrom "Othello" is a central character, and understanding him is key to understanding Shakespeare'sentire play.

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